the Unified automatic control system braking action of trains (SAUT)

the Unified automatic control system braking action of trains (SAUT)

SAUT in comparison with other devices of security considered above has significant advantages. The system notifies prodrivings of prohibiting signals, creates a raise capability (on 10-15 %) track capacity of sites; can be used for organisation of servicing of locomotives by one engineman; facilitates to the engineman selection of a rational mode of management of a train. Unlike other systems (except ИБМ) SAUT cancels the control of speed and periodic checks of vigilance of the engineman, provided by typical circuit АЛСН. The system is used on sites of the roads arranged with automatic block system and АЛСН, on all kinds of locomotives and моторвагонного railway vehicles.

SAUT consists from locomotive and track devices.

Track devices take place in relay boxes of automatic block system or track boxes in the beginning of each block. They ensure transfer on the locomotive of the information on a length of two ahead of the superjacent blocks, the fetched grade on a following block or a station way, admissible speed of motion on a station way on which the train is received. All information from a way is transmitted to the locomotive after passing of a travelling light signal by it. The track devices have two travelling generators, connected to рельсаТи, executing an aerial role.

Locomotive devices SAUT automatically limit speed of a train (notifying its excess) depending on indications of an engineman's indicator, distances till the end of a block and supposed speeds of motion. They are the safety controls duplicating actions of the engineman on brake control.

On the locomotive instal: electronics units and the protections, two sensors of a way and speed, a receiving antenna, two pressure transducers, the board of the engineman (the display unit), a control console, the switching switch for actuation and switching-off of locomotive devices SAUT. For certain series of locomotives the system can be added by an attachment to the crane of the engineman, the control block an electrodynamic brake, the unit of switching-off of traction.

The electronics unit hadles arriving from sensors and track devices the information and makes commands on a thrust management and braking action. Way and speed sensors take place on bearings of various mounted axles. The receiving antenna is fixed on armature of right receiving coils АЛСН and intended for acceptance of the information from track devices SAUT.

The board of the engineman SAUT maps the information on distance till the end of a block and a reserve of speed subject to conditions safeties, and on freight locomotives also about efficiency of brakes in a train. The control console contains buttons "Bowsings in", "Dispatch", "К-20" and serves for input by the engineman of the supplementary information in SAUT. Pressure transducers are installed near to braking devices and intended for development of electrical signals, proportional to an air pressure in a brake pipe. Attachments to the crane of the engineman are used for control of pneumatic brakes of a train by means of electrical signals.

During train movements at a green light of an engineman's indicator SAUT monitors as much as possible admissible speed. When speed of motion becomes only on 2 km/h less admissible traction is automatically disconnected, and in a passenger train with electropneumatic brakes (ЭПТ) reroof valves, and in the passenger trains following on pneumatic braking action are actuated, and in freight trains there is an attachment actuation to the crane of the engineman; on an instrument panel corresponding signal lanterns light up. If speed continues to grow and exceeds admissible on 1—3 km/h, the system executes a stage of service braking ЭПТ or a discharge, a brake pipe on 0,6 0,8 kgs/sm2. In case of the further growth of speed and its excess admissible on 3—4 km/h the second stage of braking action is executed. If admissible speed appears is exceeded on 10 km/h, SAUT ensures an emergency braking of a train by means of self-locking device valve EPK.

At a speed reduction on 1—3 km/h less admissible the system effects holiday ЭПТ. At pneumatic brakes in all cases after braking action from SAUT holiday of brakes the engineman statement of the knob of the crane of the engineman in a position I executes.

During train movements at a yellow light of an engineman's indicator the system in the block beginning monitors speed of motion the same as and at a green light. On distance of a necessary braking distance to a floor light signal switching-off of traction and the service braking ensuring installed speed of a running on a yellow light in the end of a block is automatically effected. Speed of passing of a travelling light signal with one yellow unblinking fire depends on a length of a block protected by it, a grade, and on freight trains also from efficiency of braking means and can constitute 60, 70 or 80 km/h.

After passing of a travelling light signal with a yellow light and occurrences on an engineman's indicator it is red-yellow light SAUT service braking stops a train before a travelling light signal with red fire on distance of 10 90 m at pneumatic brakes and 30—70 m at ЭПТ. In other words, accuracy of aim braking action of freight trains constitutes ±40 m, passenger and suburban ±20 m concerning a design point disposed on distance of 50 m to the prohibiting signal. The engineman, pressing button "Bowsing in", can stop a train before a prohibiting signal on distance closer, than the equipment SAUT (on an engineman's indicator red-yellow or white fire burns) allows to make it.

In need of journey of travelling light signals with red fire in the cases provided ПТЭ, the engineman should press button "è-20". The system will monitor admissible speed of motion of 20 km/h. At speed of 18-20 km/h traction is disconnected and valves of reroof ЭПТ are actuated; in case of increase in speed to 22-24 km/h the service braking is actuated; at a speed reduction to 17—19 km/h at ЭПТ there is a holiday of brakes. For a cancellation of a speed limitation in case of occurrence on an engineman's indicator of a clear light after journey of a prohibiting signal the engineman should press button "è-20" repeatedly.

SAUT executes also the control of as much as possible admissible speed at a train running to an arrival signal with two yellow lights and motion on station tracks depending on the information transmitted by floor devices it is similar to the control of speed at a green light.

At occurrence of white fire on an engineman's indicator (malfunction of codes) irrespective of indications of a travelling light signal SAUT stops a train a service braking on distance of 10-100 m (30-70 m at ЭПТ) to a light signal. The engineman can switch off for the period of malfunction of codes SAUT. During a train running at white fire of an engineman's indicator on a station limit with a controlled manual block SAUT monitors as much as possible admissible speed and ensures a train stop for 10—200 m to the closed input light signal.

In cases when it is necessary for engineman to depart from station at white fire of an engineman's indicator, it should press button "Dispatch". The engineman presses the Same button and at a train running on the main things or station branch tracks when on an engineman's indicator white fire burns, and also at passing of an input light signal on a site with a controlled manual block.

SAUT ensures the control of spontaneous train movements back at any indication of an engineman's indicator. If the reversive grip of the circuit controller of the engineman is in positions "Forward" or null after backward motion on 3—4 m the braking action stage is executed.

The equipment SAUT considerably increases the information received by an engine crew on traffic conditions that improves safety motion and allows to choose a rational mode of management of a train. Special device S with switch display at the moment of passing of each travelling light signal shows a block length or an entrance route on station, and at the further motion - current distance to a travelling light signal. The device "the Reserve of speed v" shows a variance between supposed system and (actual in the speeds of motion. At a button pushing v on the board of the engineman on the device the information on braking pressing on 100 т weights of the train, measured in braking action process is injected.

In a malfunction of floor devices SAUT or their absence the system automatically sets the minimum block length on all arm of a revolution of the locomotive. The task of the minimum distance happens in the block beginning at change of indications of an engineman's indicator on more prohibiting (with green on yellow and etc.). Therefore aim stops of a train will be executed by system on distance to a signal, equal to a difference between actual and minimum lengths of blocks.

Operation SAUT on the Moscow and Sverdlovsk roads showed its efficiency. Therefore прияято the solution on its wide introduction on other roads, especially on грузонапряженных sites.