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Four-wire circuit for changing the direction of movement

The four-wire circuit (Fig. 128) differs from the two-wire circuit in that in it the circuits for changing direction and monitoring the state of the stage are separated.

In the direction change circuit, direction relays are switched on, which are energized regardless of the state of the section (free or occupied), and the direction of movement along the section changes along it. The control circuit includes the contacts of the track relays of all rail circuits of the section, and the condition of the section is monitored through it. The separation of the circuits eliminates the possibility of excitation of the direction relays from impulse noise, and their position always corresponds to the set direction of movement.

The main relays of the four-wire direction circuit are: station direction relay NSN (ChSN) type KSh1-80; distillation relay direction H; repeaters of station direction relays NSN1 (ChSN1); auxiliary relays NV (CV); relay for monitoring the state of the NKP section (ChKP); section occupancy relay N13P (Ch13P), N23P (Ch23P); auxiliary relay for changing direction НВСН (ЧВСН); repeater of the occupied relay of the section NZP (ChZP); repeater of the NPKP stage control relay (ChPKP); relay for auxiliary mode of receiving NPV (NPV); relay of the auxiliary mode of sending NOV (CHOV).

During a free run, the control circuit is closed, power is supplied from the station. A (departures). This circuit runs from the LP4 source through the Ch13P relay and then along wire K through the series-connected front contacts of the P relay of all rail circuits of the stage, the NKP relay winding at the station. B and back along the O K wire to LM4 at station. A.

The CHIP and NKP relays are energized, controlling the freedom of passage. The first of them includes its own CZP repeater; the contact of which on the display closes the circuit of the white light bulb for free passage of the ChKP at the station. A. The NKP relay turns on the white lamp on the display that the NKP section is free to move at the station. B.


Since the opening of the exit traffic light at the station. And when the route is closed, the route control circuit is opened by the contacts of the closing relay NOZ. At the same time, at st. And relays N13P and ChZP are turned off, and at station. B - NKP relay. The red lights for monitoring the occupancy of the section light up on the boards of both stations. For the entire time the train moves along the stretch, the control circuit remains open by the contacts of relay P (in DC automatic blocking) or relay Z2 (in AC automatic blocking).

At the station And in the circuit circuit for changing the direction of the stage relay N and the ChSN relay are excited by a current of straight polarity: LPZ at the station. B, polarized contact NSN, rear NV, CHOV, wire N, then at station. A rear NV, front CV, rear CVKP, ChPV, ChPKP, relay winding ChSP, rear CV, ChVKP, front CV, rear CV, rheostat, OH wire, relay windings H on the stretch, rear CV, NV, polarized NSN and LM3.

Through the contact of the polarized armature of the ChSN relay, the repeater ChSN1 is excited. The front contact of the ChSN1 relay on the display switches on the green NO light, indicating that the station. And it works for dispatch. At the station B, through the rear contact of the NSN1 relay, the yellow NP light is turned on, indicating that the station. B is working at the reception.

To change direction, the duty station. B presses the button for changing the direction of the NSN. Provided that the route is free, which is checked by the contacts of the NKP, NVKP and NPKP relays, the NV relay is excited and self-blocking along the upper winding. In the direction change circuit circuit, the NV relay turns on the power to send a current pulse of reverse polarity, from which the ChSN relay switches the polarized armature, turning off the ChSN1 and ChV relays.

By releasing the anchor, the ChV relay disconnects the ChSN relay from the direction circuit and turns on the source LP4 - LM4. From this moment, the linear converters of both stations are switched on in series, and a high current pulse flows in the line, from which all the relays in the section reliably switch their polarized armatures .

Relay ChSN1, releasing the armature, disconnects the current source and relay Ch13P from the stage control circuit and connects the ChKP relay. Due to a power outage in the K-OK circuit at station. B the armatures of the NKP, NVKP, NPKP relays are sequentially released. The NVKP and NPKP relays in the direction circuit turn off the LPZ-LMZ power source and turn on the NSN relay. This relay receives power from st. A: LP4, polarized contact CHSN, rear CV, NV, wire N, rear CV, front NV, rear NVKP, NPV, NPKP, relay winding NSN, rear NVK, NVKP, front NV, rear NV, rheostat 400 Ohm, OH wire , relay windings I am on the stretch, rheostat 400 Ohm, rear NOV, CV, polarized CHSN, LM4.

The NCH relay, throwing the polarized armature, turns on the NCH1 relay. The NV relay receives power through the lower winding through the contact of the excited relay NSN1, due to which the direction circuit remains closed and a current of reverse polarity continuously flows through the windings of the relay I of the stage, under the influence of which their polarized armatures are reliably held in the translated position.

At the station And the rear contact of the armature of the ChSN1 relay turns on the yellow emergency light (reception), at station. B front contact NSN1 - green light PO (departure), and the stage control circuit is closed. When current flows through the control circuit at st. B relays N13P and NZP are excited, at station. A - ChKP and ChZP relays. The contacts of these relays at both stations on the board turn on the white lamps for the free passage of the ChKP and NKP.

The auxiliary direction change mode, as in the two-wire circuit, is used when one or more track circuits are damaged on a stretch. The change of direction is carried out by two attendants. At the station And, which is transferred from sending to receiving, the duty officer presses the FPV button, and due to the discharge of a capacitor with a capacity of 500 μF, the FPV relay is briefly excited. At the station B, transferred from receiving to sending, the duty officer presses the CHOK button, and the CHOK relay is excited.

When attracting the anchor, the CPV relay at the station. A disconnects the ChSN relay from the direction change circuit and turns on the LP4-LM4 power source. From this source a current pulse is supplied to the H-OH circuit, under the influence of which at the station. B, the NVSN relay, connected through the front contacts of the CHOV relay, is activated. By attracting the armature, the NVSN relay with its front contacts closes the activation circuits of the NVKP, NPKP relays, in addition to the contact of the thermal element, and the NV relay. After releasing the anchors of the auxiliary relays ChPV and CHOV, the direction of movement along the stretch changes in the usual manner.

In the event of a short-term loss of the shunt by a moving unit following the route, the possibility of changing direction is excluded in the same way as in a two-wire circuit. To obtain a deceleration of 5-8 s, repeaters of the stage control relay and a thermal element are used. To avoid false operation of the direction relay of a station set to receive, relay H is disconnected from the direction change circuit.

The connection of wires H - OH does not affect the stage control circuit. When you try to change direction in this case, for part of the stretch, the direction relays change the position of the polarized anchors, so the power supply to the track circuits is disrupted and the track relays stop working. The contacts of these relays open the stage control circuit, and the stage occupied lamps at the stations light up.

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