Moscow-Passazhirskaya-Kurskaya Depot — 135 years old

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Moscow-Passazhirskaya-Kurskaya Depot — 135 years old

In 1861, train traffic opened on the Moscow—Vladimir section, which was 174 versts and 438 fathoms long. A year later, passenger and freight trains went to Nizhny Novgorod. In 1866, regular traffic to Serpukhov began, and there were two directions on the Moscow-Nizhny Novgorod road.

By that time, two depots had been erected in Moscow at the stations of this highway and the newly formed Moskovsko-Kurskaya in 1869: the "old" one with 18 locomotive stalls, the rails of which converged at the arrows, and the "new" one with a fan type, with a turning circle. It was these two depots, along with the third, also of the fan type, built in 1896 in the same complex with the Kursko-Nizhegorodsky railway station, that were the "progenitors" of the steam locomotive equipment station created at Kalanchevskaya station, which later became first the diesel locomotive and then the Moscow-Passenger-Kurskaya electric locomotive depot.

The steam locomotives of the sin depot were periodically relocated from one to another. Their design was improved. New buildings and depots of the already united roads were expanded and erected — first Moskovsko-Kurskaya, Nizhny Novgorod and Muromskaya, then Moskovsko-Kurskaya, named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky, and then Moskovsko-Kursko-Donbasskaya and, finally, since 1959, simply Moskovskaya. Now there are no more three depots, which is a pity, since the last one, the steam locomotive at the current Kursky railway station, was a unique monument of railway architecture of the early 19th century. and it could be used as a museum, including rolling stock from different eras.

By now, there is only one depot left — a small one. but it is very important for transport support. His teams currently serve four directions of passenger traffic from Moscow. The depot's personnel consisted of machinists and their assistants (even earlier, stokers), as well as workers and employees of a once large hub. They multiplied their experience and knowledge and carefully preserved the traditions of the older generations In the modest but revered museum of military and labor glory, now located in the lobby of the assembly hall, the exhibits tell about the rich history of the depot.

The photographs, yellowed with age— show participants in revolutionary events and wars. In 1905, after Bloody Sunday and Russia's defeat in the war with Japan, following the unrest in the navy, many railroad workers at the Moscow junction joined the general strike and armed uprising. Until now, the names of the streets of the former village of Lyublino, where the workers of the Moscow-Kurskaya depot mostly lived, have retained the names of Ya.Ya. Chistov and FS Shkulev, active leaders in the fight against autocracy.

Many fought in the Civil War with the White Guards and the interventionists. In 1919, the commissar of his division, P.S. Baturin, an active member of the underground organization of the RSDLP depot, was killed in a battle near the station. Lbishchenskaya, together with V.I. Chapaev. The train of the Commander-in-Chief of the Council of the Armed Forces of the Republic was driven by engineer A.G. Kabanov throughout the Civil War.

The locomotive crews that accompanied the freight trains during the Civil War, often risking their lives, delivered food and fuel to the hungry and suffering from cold and epidemics to Muscovites.

During the period of the restoration of the national economy and the rise to a new level of labor productivity in railway Tpai sports, a movement arose in the depot for excellent maintenance of steam locomotives by attached and self-supporting crews. Many creative initiatives originated here. The first Heroes of Labor appeared in the team (these titles were awarded by the Central Executive Committee of the RSFSR with the award of the Order of Lenin), among whom were the initiators of increasing the average speed of movement — machinists A. G. Kabanov and V.I. Borzinin.

The thirties were full of massive labor heroism of railway workers. Many workers, engineers and employees of the depot were awarded the first orders and medals, badges of the "Honorary Railway Worker". Among those awarded orders and medals in 1939 were: brigadier N.N. Klimov, machinists N.N. Strelkov, S.V. Maslov, V.A. Agafonov and S.N. Ukhov, furnace engineer F.P. Savin, depot attendant I.P. Filippov and others.

In the early years of the Great Patriotic War, 137 depot workers went to the front, many of whom died in battles with the Nazi invaders. Some of their names are carved on the granite slab of a monument erected on the territory of the depot in the seventies. Those who worked in workshops and on steam locomotives made every possible contribution to the overall victory of the Soviet people over Nazi Germany. Armored trains were built with protective devices for the defense of Moscow, and trains were driven in frontline areas. We have endured all trials and tribulations with honor.

On the chests of many depot workers, military awards shone next to labor orders and medals, among which one of the honorary ones was the medal "For the Defense of Moscow." Engineer P.I. Catalnikov was awarded the Order of Lenin as early as 1942, and his colleague V.D. Lamonov fought on an armored train during the Finnish War, and drove trains on front-line sections throughout the Great Patriotic War. Later, his name and photos filled the newspaper pages. V.D. Lamonov's brigade and the steam locomotive it serves have been repeatedly recognized as the best on the network in the socialist competition. For success in restoring the national economy in 1951. Brigadier A.K. Maleev was awarded the Order of Lenin.

Rogov defended Moscow and the Soviet Arctic from the first day of the war, then stormed Berlin. After returning as a young tank lieutenant, he became an advanced locomotive engineer at the Lublin depot. He was one of the first to master a new technique — electric locomotives at the Moscow-Kurskaya depot and led a column of electric locomotives, improving himself by teaching machinists and assistants. Labor awards were added to the military awards. After reaching retirement age, V.T. Rogov worked for a long time as a train driver and instructor, working with crews on simulators of electric locomotives CS2 and CS7.

The former steam locomotive depots 1 of the Moskovsko-Kursky railway junction were repaired and operated by Russian and foreign machines. The first domestic diesel and electric locomotives were sent here for experimental trips. In 1957, the first CS1 electric locomotives were tested and operated here, followed by CSZ and CS2, which became the main series of passenger locomotives for many years. The last ChS7 eight-axle electric locomotives were mastered fifteen years ago. Today they form the basis of the inventory park of the Moscow-Passazhirskaya-Kurskaya depot.

Instructors V.G. Kvantrishvili, G.A. Chilikin, senior foreman V.N. Gusev and foreman V.M. Burkatkin, engineers E.E. Riedel, V.L. Sushchenko, A.T. Lensky, A.M. Stepanov made a great contribution to improving the design of Czechoslovakian CS2 electric locomotives. The train drivers A.A. Bazhenov, P.A. Oberyukhtin, I.N. Abrosichkin, E.P. Ilyin, N.A. Khutorev, A.P. Chapkin, K.I. Malkin, P.P. Medvedev, V.I. Solomonov and others drove the trains perfectly. The rolling stock was repaired with high quality by locksmiths V.G. Stavtsev, V.N. Veselov, V.M. Stepanov, Yu.P. Khaleev, V.A. Savin, Yu.G. Vlasov.

In the eighties, a new cohort of talented train drivers emerged: M.R. Sosnovsky, V.D. Arinushkin, P.E. Solovyov and A.I. Pugachev, and later they were replaced by younger ones — S.N. Tsvirov, V.V. Volkov, V.N. Sinelnikov, N.N. Ermakov, V.V. Kuptsov, who, possessing deep technical knowledge and high professional skills, have educated many machinists who worthily took over the baton of the older generations.

There is much to tell about the machinists A.E. Lebedev, N.P. Kravchenkov, V.A. Shtykov, N.A. Shubin, Y.S. Kulagin, A.M. Petrov, E.Ya. Ivanin, B.N. Kalinkin, L.P. Tochilin, V.I. Krutikov, V.E. Kurdyubov, A.I. Kazakov and other colleagues in the operation department who have received honorary awards. They masterfully drove trains, carefully maintained locomotives, prevented crashes and accidents, and achieved success not only in their work, but also in the social life of the team.

They were actively helped to achieve high results in their work by decoding technicians R.P. Solovyova, V.P. Lobachenko, depot attendant V.P. Sobolev and others. Machinists N.V. Gonchar, I.E. Kaminsky, A.M. Zvyagintsev not only drove trains flawlessly, but today they are also experienced mentors in the practical and theoretical training of young locomotive engineers.

Master B.M. Tikhonov and V.I. Gavryushin demonstrated high results in repair production. In 1983, the latter's team won the championship in the industry competition of leading professions. The depot brand was highly appreciated by locksmiths of the locomotive maintenance center I.V. Boldov, A.I. Magaldan, their comrades from the periodic repair shop M.V. Filippov, their colleagues M.I. Glekov, V.A. Sapunov, deputy depot chief I.S. Morsanov.

Until the early nineties, locomotive crews jointly operated electric locomotives CS2 and CS7 on ultra—long sections of circulation with a length of more than 2 thousand km - to Simferopol and Sevastopol, as well as Ilovaysk and some "side" passages, together with the teams of the depots of Ukraine Kharkov and Melitopol. Passenger trains were driven on the Moscow—Crimea—Caucasus route by electric locomotives of the Moscow, Yuzhnaya and Pridneprovskaya roads. Passenger traffic reached up to 90 pairs of trains per day. The depot's contingent consisted of more than a thousand people, most of whom worked in the maintenance shop.

But the main value of the team is not equipment at all, but people — representatives of perhaps the most prestigious and honorable professions of railway workers: machinists and their assistants, train drivers, locksmiths, foremen and craftsmen, engineers and technicians, employees, depot managers. Their labor achievements will forever remain in the memory of their descendants.

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